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Design and operating principle of the separator
Design and operating principle
The separator, see Figure 1, consists of:
- housing (3)
- electric motor (6)
- drum (2)
- skim milk receiver (21)
- cream receiver (11)
- float (5)
- float chamber (4)
- milk receiver (1)
- plugs (10).
The following are installed on the housing (3):
- switch (16)
- reinforced cord.
The electric motor (6) is attached to the housing (3) on three studs with nuts (18).
To reduce the sudden jolt at the moment of starting the engine and to prevent the drum (2) from slipping off the tapered shank of the drive shaft, shock absorbers - bushings (15) are inserted into the flange of the electric motor.
1 - milk receiver, 2 - drum, 3 - body, 4 - float chamber, 5 - float, 6 - electric motor, 9 - support, 10 - plug, 11 - cream receiver, 12 - reflector, 13 - bushing, 15 - bushing, 16 - switch, 18 - nut, 21 - skim milk receiver
Figure 1 - Centrifugal milk separator
The main working element is the drum, see Figure 2.
In the drum, under the action of centrifugal forces, the process of separating milk into cream and skim milk occurs.
The drum consists of:
- plate holder (1)
- set of aluminum plates (3)
- separator plate (4)
- adjusting screw (7)
- drum cover (2),
- sealing ring (5)
- nut (6).
1 - plate holder, 2 - cover, 3 - type "A" and "B" plates, 4 - separator plate, 5 - ring, 6 - nut, 7 - screw
Figure 2 - Drum
The receiving and output device, hereinafter referred to as "the vessel", serves to feed heated milk into the drum and to remove cream and skim milk from the drum.
Safety precautions
ATTENTION! BEFORE COMMISSIONING THE SEPARATOR, CAREFULLY READ THE PASSPORT TEXT.
1. Continuous operation of the separator for more than one hour without subsequent stopping for 20...30 minutes for cooling is prohibited.
2. If extraneous noise or increased vibration occurs in the separator, operation must be stopped and the cause of the malfunction must be eliminated.
Note- Allowed slight rattling of the separator dishes when working without milk in the milk receiver bowl, i.e. at the end of separation.
3. Do not work on the separator if the drum nut (6) is not tightened, see Figure 2.
4. Do not disassemble the separator until the drum has completely stopped.
5. Do not work on the separator with faulty electrical wiring.
6. Before cleaning the separator, it must be turned off with the switch and the plug must be removed from the socket. Do not pull the plug out of the socket by the cord.
7. Do not open the milk supply plug before the drum reaches full rotation speed (30...40 s after switching on).
8. It is prohibited to turn off the electric drive of the separator if the tap plug is open and milk continues to flow into the rotating drum.
9. It is prohibited to operate the separator if the voltage in the network drops below 190 V. If the voltage drops below the permissible level, it is recommended to turn on the separator through a household voltage stabilizer.
Preparation for work
1. The room in which the separator will be installed must be dust-free and dry, with humidity of (65±15)%.
2. The installation site must be horizontal and level. It is recommended to secure the separator with three screws and washers through the holes in the support (9), see Figure 1.
3. In case of long-term storage of separators at sub-zero temperatures, it is necessary to keep it in a warm, dry room for at least six hours before switching it on.
Connection
1. Before switching on, adhere to the following assembly sequence: put the assembled drum on the conical part of the shaft, pressing it lightly with your hand from above, see Figure 1.
2. Install the skim milk receiver (21), cream receiver (11). Pay attention to the correct installation of them on the housing and between each other.
Note - If your separator has a plastic housing, then when installing the skim milk receiver (21), it is necessary to align the groove on it with the protrusion inside the housing.
3. Turn the drum nut by hand and make sure it does not touch the body and the receivers for skim milk and cream.
4. Set the nozzles of the skim milk and cream receivers to a convenient position, put a container underneath, a larger one for skim milk and a smaller one for cream.
5. Install the float chamber, insert the float into the cavity, install the milk receiver, insert the plastic plug into the conical hole in the body at the bottom of the milk receiver.
Note - When installing a plastic float chamber, be sure to align the groove on it with the groove on the cream receiver.
ATTENTION! THE PLUG IN THE MILK RECEIVER MUST BE IN THE "CLOSED" POSITION, I.E. THE POINTED END OF THE PLUG HANDLE MUST BE TURNED AWAY FROM THE NOTCH ON THE EDGE OF THE MILK RECEIVER. THE SEPARATOR SHOULD ONLY BE TURNED ON USING THE KEY SWITCH.
6. Before connecting the separator to the mains, set the key switch to the "0" position, i.e. off. Then insert the plug into the socket.
ATTENTION! IT IS PROHIBITED TO USE SEPARATORS ON FARMS WITHOUT OVERLOAD AND SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION.
Milk separation
1. Pour the strained whole milk into the milk receiver bowl. Milk is best separated immediately after milking or heated to a temperature of 35...40 °C.
2. Turn on the separator electric drive with the switch. After the drum has reached full rotation speed, 30...40 s after switching on, open the tap, i.e. turn the plug handle (with the pointed part) towards the notch on the edge of the milk receiver.
3. After separation is complete, pour about three liters of warm water into the milk bowl for washing and pass it through the switched-on separator to remove the remains of skim milk and cream.
4. The separator should operate continuously for no more than one hour, after which the separator should be switched off for 20...30 minutes to cool.
ATTENTION! REMOVE THE DRUM FROM THE ELECTRIC DRIVE SHAFT CAREFULLY, APPLYING FORCE UPWARDS. DO NOT ALLOW EXCESSIVE SWINGING OF THE DRUM ON THE SHAFT, WHICH MAY LEAD TO DEFORMATION AND BENDING OF THE SHAFT OR SHAFT CONE.
Note - When checking the suitability of the electric drive in the store (without filling the separator with milk), slight rattling of the dishes installed on the body is allowed.
5. To stop the separator, turn the plug to the left or right of the recess on the edge of the milk receiver, wait until the cream and skim milk stop flowing out and only then disconnect the electric drive from the mains using the switch.
Procedure for disassembling the drum for washing
1. Unscrew the nut (6), see Figure 2, using the special key from the accessory kit.
DO NOT DISASSEMBLE THE DRUM FURTHER WHEN THE ADJUSTING SCREW (7) PROTRUCTES, SEE FIGURE 2, (IF NECESSARY, SCREW IT IN). IT IS NOT RECOMMENDED TO COMPLETELY UNSCREW THE ADJUSTING SCREW.
2. To remove the cover (2), see Figure 2, turn the drum over and hit the end of the threaded part on a wooden board in the direction of the arrow.
DO NOT HIT THE THREADED END OF THE DRUM ON A HARD STAND.
3. Remove the washing plate (4), see Figure 2.
4. Remove plates "A" and "B" (3) one by one, see Figures 2a), 2b) (there should be 10 to 12 of them in total)
5. Remove the sealing ring (5) from the plate holder (1), see Figure 2.
ATTENTION! AFTER EVERY TWO FILLINGS AND SEPARATIONS (APPROXIMATELY 20 TO 25 L) OF MILK, DISASSEMBLE THE SEPARATOR AND WASH ALL DRUM PARTS.
Drum assembly procedure
The drum is assembled in the reverse order of disassembly.
1. Insert the sealing ring (5) into the groove of the plate holder (1), see Figure 2.
2. By gently turning the plates on the triangular face of the plate holder (1), install the two types of plates "A" and "B" (3) one after the other. You can start assembly with any type of plate "A" or "B", alternating them. The set of plates must be complete (from 10 to 12 pcs. in total).
3. Install the separator plate (4) on the stack of plates, see Figure 2.
4. Install the lid (2) on the separator plate (4), see Figure 2, so that the protrusion in the separator plate enters the groove in the lid.
5. Align the "0" mark, see Figure 2, on the lid with the mark on the top of the plate holder.
6. Screw the nut (6) onto the protruding part of the plate holder (1). Perform the final tightening of the nut with a special wrench, inserting the two horns of the special wrench into the two holes of the nut. Tighten the nut until the "0" mark on the nut aligns with the risk (notch) on the threaded part of the plate holder.
During assembly, it is recommended to lubricate the nut with any edible fat.
ATTENTION! DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN THE NUT AND DO NOT FORGET TO TIGHTEN IT, OTHERWISE THE DRUM WILL BE DEPRESSED AT WORKING SPEED.
Adjusting the fat content of the cream
1. Adjust the thickness of the cream at your discretion using the screw with a square hole, which is installed in the upper part of the separator plate. Use the square pin of the special key for adjustment.
2. If you need thick cream, turn the screw clockwise, if liquid, turn the screw counterclockwise.
Usually one turn in one direction or the other is enough to achieve the desired adjustment.
CAUTION! ROTATING THE SCREW CAREFULLY IS CAREFUL TO AVOID DAMAGING THE THREAD IN THE SEPARATION PLATE. DO NOT PUSH THE SCREW AGAINST THE THREADED SURFACE OF THE DRUM PLATE HOLDER.
Care of the drum parts
1. Wash the drum parts with warm water. Remove milk and dirt residues with a brush, and clean all channels with a brush, especially the square hole of the adjusting screw, as well as the three oblique holes of the plate holder.
2. Wash the drum after each separation. Do not use acids and alkalis for cleaning, as the aluminum parts will become stained and may be destroyed.
3. Care of other separator parts is the same as for the drum parts. After washing, wipe the parts dry with a clean dishcloth.
4. Pay special attention to the absence of a greasy film on the drive cone and the conical hole of the plate holder, since failure to comply with these requirements may lead to wear of the plate holder and the drive cone.
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